(Refs:

• HCO PL 29 Dec. 82R Rev. 30 July 83 Org Series 64R Executive Series 36R Esto Series 54R Admin Know-How Series 44R THE TOOLS OF MANAGEMENT

Ссылки:

ИП ОХС от 29 дек. 1982П II Пересм. 30.07.83 Серия «Административное ноу-хау», 45 Серия «Руководитель», 24 Серия «Организация», 45 Серия «Эсто», 45 ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ

The following is a list of the materials which, out of the many tools of management, comprise the BASIC MANAGEMENT TOOLS.

ИП ОХС от 31 июля 1983 I Серия «Административное ноу-хау», 48 Серия «Руководитель», 26 Серия «Организация», 46 Серия «Эсто», 47 ОСНОВНЫЕ ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ

1. ADMIN SCALE: A scale for use which gives a sequence (and relative seniority) of subjects relating to organization. The scale, from the top down, includes Goals, Purposes, Policy, Plans, Programs, Projects, Orders, Ideal Scenes, Statistics, Valuable Final Products. The scale is worked up and down until it is (each item) in full agreement with the remaining items. In short, for success all these items in the scale must agree with all other items on the same subject.

2. TARGET: A TARGET is an objective one intends to accomplish within a given period of time.

3. STRATEGIC PLANS: A STRATEGIC PLAN is a statement of the intended plans for accomplishing a broad objective and inherent in its definition is the idea of clever use of resources or maneuvers for outwitting the enemy or overcoming existing obstacles to win the objective. It is the central strategy worked out at the top which, like an umbrella, covers the activities of the echelons below it.

Это данное применимо как к высшим, так и к средним эшелонам управления, а также к руководителям любой организации, начиная с КО или ИД и включая исполнительный совет и всех начальников отделений или отделов.

4. PROGRAMS: A PROGRAM is a series of steps in sequence to carry out a plan. Programs are made up of all types of targets coordinated and executed on time.

5. PROJECTS: A PROJECT is a series of guiding steps written in sequence to carry out one step of a program, which, if followed, will result in a full and successful accomplishment of the program target.

Это данное – результат недавнего величайшего открытия, которое позволило многое увидеть совершенно по-другому. Это открытие не имеет отношения ни к исследованию, ни к разработке, ни к усовершенствованию того, что представляют собой инструменты управления. Оргсхемы, административная шкала, оргполитика в отношении задач, планирование и составление программ, статистики, графики статистик и состояния (назовём лишь несколько таких инструментов) являлись частью нашей технологии, они были точно определены, находились под рукой, и на данный момент ими пользуются уже достаточно долго.

6. ORDERS: An ORDER is the direction or command issued by an authorized person to a person or group within the sphere of the authorized person’s authority. It is the verbal or written direction to a lower or designated authority to carry out a program step or apply the general policy. Some program steps are so simple that they are themselves an order or an order can simply be a roughly written project. By implication an order goes from a senior to juniors.

ВЕЛИЧАЙШИМ ДОСТИЖЕНИЕМ ЯВИЛОСЬ ОТКРЫТИЕ ТОГО, ЧТО ОГРОМНОЕ ЧИСЛО РУКОВОДИТЕЛЕЙ НЕ РАССМАТРИВАЛИ ВСЁ ЭТО В КАЧЕСТВЕ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ.

All orders of whatever kind by telex, despatch or Mission Orders must be coordinated with current written command intention. You can destroy an org by issuing orders to it uncleared and uncoordinated. Coordinate your orders! Clear your orders!

Однако до тех пор, пока руководитель не признаёт их в качестве инструментов, до тех пор, пока он на самом деле не относит их к категории инструментов, подобно тому, как к этой категории относят грабли, лопаты или тачки, он склонен думать о них как о каких-то мнениях, теориях или о чём-то подобном. Он не осознаёт, что у него действительно имеются настоящие инструменты, которыми нужно пользоваться при управлении. И, не осознав этого, он не будет ими ПОЛЬЗОВАТЬСЯ.

7. COMPLIANCE REPORTS: A COMPLIANCE REPORT is a report to the originator of an order that the order has been done and is a completed cycle. It is not a cycle begun; it is not a cycle in progress; it is a cycle completed and reported back to the originator as done.

Такую картину можно было бы сравнить с ситуацией, когда какой-то человек строит дом, даже не зная, что он пытается построить дом; и если бы ему указали на этот факт, он посмотрел бы на молотки и пилы как на совершенно незнакомые предметы. Он не построил бы дома.

When an executive or manager accepts “done” as the single statement and calls it a compliance, noncompliance can occur unseen. Therefore, one must (1) require explicit compliance to every order and (2) receive the evidence of the compliance pinned to the Compliance Report. Such evidence might be in the form of copies of the actual material required by the order and procured, or photographs of it, ticket stubs, receipts, a signed note stating the time and place some action was carried out, etc. Evidence is data that records a “done” so somebody else can know it is done.

В любой сфере деятельности имеются свои инструменты. И если кто-то собирается заниматься какой-либо деятельностью, то ему следует знать, какие инструменты предназначены для этой деятельности и что эти инструменты предназначены именно для того, чтобы ими пользоваться.

It is up to LRH Comms, Flag Reps or execs to verify reports of dones or get dones done. True compliances to evaluated programs are vital.

8. TERMINALS: A TERMINAL is something that has mass and meaning which originates, receives, relays and changes particles on a flow line. A post or terminal is an assigned area of responsibility and action which is supervised in part by an executive.

Мы имеем массу инструментов управления, однако самые основные из них, которыми необходимо пользоваться руководителю любого уровня, от самого высокого до самого низкого, следующие:

A fixed-terminal post stays in one spot, handles specific duties and receives communications, handles them and sends them on their way.

• АДМИНИСТРАТИВНАЯ ШКАЛА

A line post has to do with organizational lines, seeing that the lines run smoothly, ironing out any ridges in the lines, keeping particles flowing smoothly from one post to another post. A line post is concerned with the flow of lines, not necessarily with the fixed-terminal posts at the end of the lines.

9. LINES: A LINE is the route along which a particle travels between one terminal and the next or between grouped or associated terminals.

A COMMAND LINE is a line on which authority flows. It is vertical. A command line is used upward for unusual permission or authorizations or information or important actions or compliances. Downward it is used for orders.

A COMMUNICATION LINE is the line on which particles flow. It is horizontal. A communication line does not refer to physical equipment but to the passage of ideas between two points. A flow of ideas, in two directions, on paper, establishes a comm line.

The most important things in an organization are its lines and terminals. Without these in, in an exact known pattern, the organization cannot function at all. The lines will flow if they are all in and people wear their hats.

10. ORG BOARDS: An ORG BOARD (ORGANIZING BOARD) is a board that shows what functions are done in the org, the order they are done in and who is responsible for getting them done. The ORG BOARD shows the pattern of organizing to get a product. It is the pattern of the terminals and their flows. We see these terminals as “posts” or positions. Each of these is a hat. There is a flow along these hats. The result of the whole org board is a product. The product of each hat on the board adds up to the total product.

11. HATS: HAT is a term to describe the write-ups, checksheets and packs that outline the purposes, know-how and duties of a post. It exists in folders and packs and is trained in on the person on the post to a point of full application of the data therein. A HAT designates what terminal in the organization is represented and what the terminal handles and what flows the terminal directs. HATTING is the action of training the person on the checksheet and pack of materials for his post.

12. TELEXES: A TELEX is a message sent and received by means of telex machines at specific stations hooked up with one another. This is a fast method of communication, similar to a telegram or cable.

Use telexes as though you were sending telegrams. Positiveness and speed are the primary factors. Cost enters as a third. Security enters as a fourth consideration. All have importance but in that order.

Telexes must be of such clarity that any other person in the org can read and understand them. You must take responsibility for both ends of a communication line. Write your communication (telex) so that it invites compliance or answer without further query or dev-t. Entheta in telexes on a long-distance comm line is forbidden.

Don’t use telexes when despatches will do. Nonurgent communications on telex lines jam them. Do NOT put logistics (supply) on a telex line. Telex lines should only be used for communications concerning operations.

13. DESPATCHES: A DESPATCH is a memo to or from another staff member in your organization or in another. When writing a despatch, address it to the POST — not the person. Date your despatch. Route to the hat only, give its department, section and org. Put any vias at the top of the despatch. Indicate with an arrow the first destination. Sign it with your name but also the hat you’re wearing when you write it.

As with telexes, despatches must be written so clearly that any other person in the org can read and understand them, with the originator taking responsibility for both ends of the communication line. And, as with telexes, entheta in despatches on a long-distance comm line is forbidden.

14. STATISTICS: A STATISTIC is a number or amount compared to an earlier number or amount of the same thing. STATISTICS refer to the quantity of work done or the value of it in money. Statistics are the only sound measure of any production or any job or any activity. These tell of production. They measure what is done. Thus, one can manage by statistics. When one is managing by statistics, they must be studied and judged alongside the other related statistics.

15. GRAPHS: A GRAPH is a line or diagram showing how one quantity depends on, compares with or changes another. It is any pictorial device used to display numerical relationships.

16. CONDITIONS: A CONDITION is an operating state. Organizationally, it’s an operating state and oddly enough in the mest universe there are several formulas connected with these states. The table of conditions, from the bottom up, includes Confusion, Treason, Enemy, Doubt, Liability, Non-Existence, Danger, Emergency, Normal, Affluence and Power or Power Change. There is a law that holds true in this universe whereby if one does not correctly designate the condition he is in and apply its formula to his activities or if he assigns and applies the wrong condition, then the following happens: He will inevitably drop one condition below the condition he is actually in. One has to do the steps of a condition formula in order to improve one’s condition.

17. PERSONNEL FOLDERS: A PERSONNEL FOLDER is kept in HCO for each person employed by the org. The folder is to contain all pertinent personnel data about the person: name, age, nationality, date employment started, address (if other than the org), next of kin, social security number, test scores, previous education, skills, previous employment, case level, training level, name of post, former posts held and dates held, production record on post(s), date employment ceased, copies of all tests, and any other pertinent data.

Определение и краткое описание каждого из этих основных инструментов дано в ИП ОХС от 31 июля 1983 I «Основные инструменты управления».

Copies of contracts, agreements or legal papers connected with the person are filed in the personnel folder. The originals of such papers are kept in the valuable documents files.

Ни один из этих инструментов не является сложным. В действительности, это ПРОСТЫЕ, но КРАЙНЕ, КРАЙНЕ ВАЖНЫЕ инструменты.

A personnel folder is used for purposes of promotion and any needful reorganization and so should contain anything that throws light on the efficiency, inefficiency or character of personnel.

Берутся терминалы, между ними устанавливаются линии, разрабатываются командные каналы и командные уровни, вводится стратегическое планирование, и благодаря этому можно добиться некоторой скоординированности.

Personnel folders are filed by division and department in HCO, with the personnel in separate folders filed alphabetically in their department. There should be two sections in the personnel files: (1) present employees and (2) past employees.

Кроме того, необходимо уметь сформировать замысел (который, в соответствии с оргполитикой в отношении задач, превращается в конкретные цели). И необходимо уметь намечать задачи, выполнение которых приведёт к достижению этой конкретной цели и воплощению замысла. Для того чтобы добиться выполнения задач, необходимы линии и терминалы. А для того, чтобы иметь линии и терминалы, конечно же, необходима оргсхема.

18. ETHICS FOLDERS: An ETHICS FOLDER is kept in HCO for each individual staff member. It is a folder which should include his complete ethics record, ethics chits, Knowledge Reports, commendations and copies, as well, of any justice actions taken on the person, such as Courts of Ethics or Comm Evs, with their results.

Это ПРОСТО. Однако это ЖИЗНЕННО ВАЖНО.

Filing is the real trick of Ethics work. The files do 90% of the work. Ethics reports patiently filed in folders, one for each staff member, eventually makes one file fat. When one file gets fat, call the person up for Ethics action and his area gets smooth.

Демонстрируя данные инструменты, мы демонстрируем основы организации, поскольку данные инструменты совершенно определённо представляют собой основу организации. Использование этих инструментов обеспечит существование организации. Без них у вас не будет организации, а будет толпа. И если руководитель не может определить замысел или конкретные цели группы, или же наметить задачи и написать телексы, или добиться того, чтобы было проведено ошляпливание и сотрудники носили свои шляпы, то группа так и останется толпой. Однако правильное использование всего лишь тех основных инструментов управления, которые указаны в списке, может превратить толпу в организацию, выпускающую продукт!

19. FILES: A FILE by definition is an orderly and complete deposit of data which is available for immediate use. As FILES are the vital operational line, it is of the GREATEST IMPORTANCE that ALL FILING IS ACCURATE. A misfiled particle can be lost forever. A missing item can throw out a whole evaluation or a sale. It is of vital interest both in ease of work and financially that all files are straight.

20. DATA SERIES: The tool to discover causes. The DATA SERIES is a series of policy letters which deal with logic, illogic, proper evaluation of data and how to detect and handle the causes of good and bad situations in any organization to the result of increased prosperity.

Контрольный лист, обеспечивающий быстрое обучение (типа мгновенного ошляпливания), называется «Статус руководителя один» и предназначен для того, чтобы руководители и управляющие всех уровней научились пользоваться данными инструментами.

Он не является заменой КРО и ОКФР. Однако важно, чтобы руководитель начинал пользоваться данными инструментами прямо сейчас, немедленно, буквально вчера, если он считает себя руководителем или если он занимает руководящее положение в организации любого вида, типа или размера. Поскольку если он не будет пользоваться этими инструментами, то с треском провалится.

There is considerably more data on each of these tools contained in the policy letters in the OEC Volumes, none of it complicated or difficult to grasp.

The purpose of this policy letter is simply to advise the exec that these are his tools — his most fundamental and basic management tools. And that they are for USE and it is VITAL that he USE them.

Если руководитель, завершив обучение по этому первому контрольному листу «Статус руководителя один», – не пользуется данными инструментами должным образом, это является этическим нарушением. Если это первое или второе нарушение, их можно исправить при помощи креминга, однако дальнейшие нарушения рассматриваются уже судом этики, а в случае, если человек, обученный тому, как пользоваться данными инструментами, продолжает применять их неправильно или не применяет вообще, это выносится на комитет по расследованиям.

Why? Because use of these simple, basic tools means the difference between a failing org and a flourishing one.

And we want organizations to flourish!

1. Первое: руководитель (или управляющий) должен знать, что СУЩЕСТВУЮТ настоящие ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ, которые предназначены для того, чтобы он, занимаясь управлением, пользовался ими.

[Note: This issue was added just as the book was about to go to press and after the subject index was completely typeset. Thus index entries from this issue do not appear in the main subject index. However, a supplementary subject index has been added on page 731.]